Spaced Repetition: The Science Behind SuperLearn

Understanding Spaced Repetition

Spaced repetition is a learning technique that incorporates increasing intervals of time between subsequent review of previously learned material. This method leverages the psychological spacing effect, which demonstrates that information is more effectively memorized when studied a few times over a long period rather than studied repeatedly in a short period.

The Forgetting Curve

In the late 19th century, German psychologist Hermann Ebbinghaus discovered what he called the "forgetting curve." His research showed that memory retention decreases over time when there is no attempt to retain it.

The Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve

The curve shows that we forget approximately 70% of what we learn within 24 hours if there's no reinforcement. However, each time we review the material, the rate of forgetting decreases.

How Spaced Repetition Works

Spaced repetition systems work by scheduling reviews at increasing intervals:

1. First review: immediately after learning
2. Second review: 1 day later
3. Third review: 3 days later
4. Fourth review: 7 days later
5. Fifth review: 14 days later
6. And so on...

The Science Behind It

Several cognitive mechanisms explain why spaced repetition is so effective:

• Retrieval practice: The act of recalling information strengthens neural pathways associated with that memory.
• Spacing effect: Information is better retained when learning is spread out over time rather than crammed into a single session.
• Testing effect: Being tested on material is more effective for long-term retention than simply reviewing it.

SuperLearn's Implementation

SuperLearn uses an advanced algorithm based on the SM-2 algorithm, which was originally developed for the SuperMemo program. This algorithm:

1. Tracks your performance on each flashcard
2. Adjusts review intervals based on your recall difficulty
3. Prioritizes cards you find more challenging
4. Optimizes your study time by focusing on what you're most likely to forget